International Transport – European Union and Beyond

• Privately owned, based in Doncaster
• Started trading in 2004
• Started with focus on Eastern European Transport
• Now offer comprehensive freight
  forwarding service, by air, sea, road and rail

Sending your goods to Europe

• Goods to EU require no customs formalities on goods of EU origin
• No documentation required – packing list or commercial invoice is preferable
• Collection/delivery note or CMR will be carried by the haulier as proof of delivery

Road – Limits of Liability

•CMR convention for transport within Europe
•Only exception is domestic & Irish – these are governed by the RHA
•Based on nett weight and part shipment
•If your goods are worth more – additional insurance is worth thinking about

Road Freight Services

• Full Load
  – 13.6m trailer – loaded from side, rear or with sliding roof by crane
  – Standard trailer approx 2.7m tall
  – Mega trailer option is 3.0m tall
  – Can carry 26 UK pallets (120 x 100cms), or 33 euro pallets (120 x 80cms)
  – Can carry approx 24t (depending on transit countries)
  – No handling en route
• Part Load
  – Between 1 to 10 metres of the trailer
  – Slower than full load
  – Generally, no additional handling at depots
• Groupage
  – Slowest & cheapest service for smaller consignments
  – Best for 1 to 4 pallets
  – Local collection & delivery, travels on international trailer from central depots
  – Collection note issued by haulier, CMR conditions still apply
• Dedicated Vehicle
  – For smaller, time sensitive consignments (1-6 pallets, max weight 1 – 1.2t)
  – Shortest transit – no tachograph
  – Expensive option

Loading & Packing for Transport

• Claims against CMR most often rejected
  for insufficient packing or poor loading
• Groupage/part shipments – crated or
  palletised & shrink wrapped
• Full loads – make sure the load is well
  secured/strapped by loader & driver

Left: Example of additional protection for the goods on a pipe project Inter-Ways arranged

If Damages Happen?

• Please make sure that either the CMR or delivery note is clearly claused – not doing so may invalidate your claim
• As specific as possible e.g. pallet collapsed, outer packaging damaged, contents unchecked

Dangerous Goods

• Must be classified correctly and must have a trained
  Dangerous Goods Safety Advisor (DGSA)
• Dangerous Goods Note must accompany the goods
• Goods must be clearly labelled with appropriate
  hazardous stickers

Moving Goods Outside the EU

• More complicated!
  – More paperwork
  – Customs procedures
  – Regulations on packaging materials
  These are more than likely what will apply in the even of a No-Deal Brexit

Air or Sea?

• Quicker
• More expensive
• Limited by size
  – Passenger: 300 x 200 x 160cms
  – Freighter: Taller/larger cargo
• Consolidated
  – Like groupage for air!
  – Agent at destination
  – More potential for delay
• Back to Back
  – No consolidator
  – No agent at destination
  – Cargo on own AWB so less likely
  to be held up by other cargo
• Higher limit of liability

• Slower
• Much cheaper
• Can transport much larger cargo
• OOG – Out of Gauge
• FCL – Full Container
• LCL – Less than a full container
• Lower limit of liability

Packing – Air & Sea

• Wood is subject to regulations – must be heat treated
• FCL, LCL or Air
  – LCL sea freight and air freight will be handled by forklift at depots
  – LCL sea freight and air freight are assumed stackable by shipping/air
  lines
• Cost
  – Extra weight & size of packaging adds cost to the shipment
• Machinery or odd shaped items
  – Box or crate for protection, particularly with LCL or Air
• Even weight distribution
• Liquids – don’t fill the containers
• Shipping Marks
  – Clearly label the consignment on 3 sides with consignee address,
  ideally in English and language of destination country

Air & Sea – Limits of Liability

Air Waybill

• For all shipments by air
• Used for receipt of goods and contract of carriage
• Non-negotiable, definite transport contract regulated by IATA
• AWB is needed for release of goods at destination

Bill of Lading / Sea Waybill

• For all shipments by sea
• Original – document of
  title to the goods
• Receipt for shipped
  products
• B/L is needed for release
  of goods at destination
• Original – present
  document to release
• Waybill – released by
  verification
• Original – more secure
• Waybill – trust/credit

What Do I Need?

• EORI (Economic Operator Registration & Identification) Number
  – Used to identify you company and collect duty/vat on goods
  – Apply for this via HMRC website
• Commodity Codes – UK Trade Tariff
  – Each item is classified into a commodity code
  – Determines level of duty/taxes on import
  – Determines if export/import licences are required
  – Guessing can be detrimental! Speak to the HMRC helpline if you are unsure

Incoterms 2010

Common Mistakes with Incoterms

• Failing to specify the port/place with sufficient
  precision – e.g. FCA Chicago
• Use of CIF or CIP without checking the level of
  insurance matches the commercial
  invoice/contract
• Failure to establish who is paying for terminal
  handling at destination
• Letters of credit – failure to match the Incoterms
  with bank requirements

Documentation Needed

Customs

• All shipments outside EU must be
  declared
• Submitted electronically to HMRC via
  CHIEF system
• Keep a copy of the info submitted
• EAD (Export Accompanying Document) is
  required on shipments that transit the EU
  to non EU destinations – e.g. Switzerland,
  Norway, Russia